Air defense

Early warning RF detection capability

Modern air defense depends on detecting threats as early as possible, without revealing your own position. Passive RF sensors deliver that capability.
Operating silently, they detect and geolocate hostile emitters in real time, allowing air defenders to maintain EMCON, gain valuable decision time, and cue other sensors or weapon systems for precise targeting.
Passive RF technology augments traditional radar systems—which are effective but exposed—by adding persistent, rapidly deployable sensors that deliver full Electronic Support Measures (ESM) capability. Aligned with the ‘mix, mass, modularity’ principles of modern IAMD, these sensors enable defenses that are flexible, scalable, and reconfigurable.
CRFS sensor networks seamlessly integrate into layered defense architectures—from Forward Operating Bases to strategic infrastructure—delivering real-time RF intelligence. The TRL‑9 technology fills a critical gap in an integrated air defense ‘Find, Fix, Track, Target, Engage, Assess (F2T2EA)’ process.

Passive RF sensing for IAMD

Maintain mission success

Multi-Domain, non-library-based detection
Resilient Multi-Domain Air Defense 2

Deployment options

vehicle

Vehicle integrated

Mobile ESM and C2

rdk

Rapid deployment kit

Portable sensing for dismounted operations

odk

Fixed building

Infrastructure mounted

mast

Fixed mast/tower

Permanent mast deployment option

icon sensor drk

RF/EW payload

SIGINT integration for unmanned platforms

Short range air defense

Critical infrastructure – up to 20 km
AD-dome-img-1

Mid-range air defense

Regional picture – up to 100 km
AD-dome-img-3

Long range air defense

National REMP – 1000 km +
AD-dome-img-2

Air defense applications

icon radar augmentation drk

Radar augmentation

A passive RF sensor network complements radar by acting as an early warning system, detecting hostile airborne targets without alerting the enemy and cuing targeting radar.

icon signal interest drk

Detect the signal of interest, not the platform

Custom built signal detectors search for specific signals (including telemetry, video links, payload data transfer) rather than for specific platforms.

icon geolocation drk

Highly accurate 3D TDoA geolocation

Time Difference of Arrival accurately geolocates the position of RF emitters in three dimensions by analyzing the time difference between each sensor and using advanced algorithms.

Icon wideband frequency drk

Operate in GNSS-denied environments

CRFS has several tools to continue spectrum monitoring and geolocation missions in GNSS-denied environments.

icon sensor drk

Operating under EMCON

Passive RF sensors allow air defenders to operate under EMCON as they can listen without emitting, increasing survivability and helping to monitor blue force comms.

icon interoperability drk

Interoperability

Through open API architecture, you can use CRFS’ spectrum monitoring and geolocation capabilities in your C2 system.

 

Drone detection

Blue Rectangle Divider

CRFS’ passive RF signal hunting technology allows users to accurately detect and geolocate COTS, modified, and military drones.

Modern threats demand more than just traditional radar. To truly protect critical infrastructure, you need a Recognized Electromagnetic Picture (REMP) that scales from the perimeter to the national border.

airborne-target-spread-2

GUIDE

A guide to Airborne target identification

Airborne target identification leverages cutting-edge passive RF technology to detect and geolocate military airborne emitters with a high degree of discrimination and positional accuracy.

integrated-iamd-spread-2

BROCHURE

Integrated air and missile defence systems (IAMD)

Passive Radio Frequency (RF) systems significantly strengthen Integrated Air and Missile Defense systems (IAMD) by providing silent early warning and precise geolocation of airborne threats.

passive-geo-spread-2

WHITE PAPER

Passive Geolocation with 3D TDoA

Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) techniques determine the source location of RF signals by analyzing variations in their travel time. 3D TDoA calculates a signal’s altitude, latitude, and longitude.

Related reading

Augmenting Radar Systems with 3D TDOA
Augmenting Radar Systems with 3D TDOA
Radar is a tried and trusted method of monitoring aircraft activity in the surrounding area. It is also, in certain circumstances, a blaring beacon advertising its own location to ...
Adding a fused passive sensing layer to IAMD systems
Adding a fused passive sensing layer to IAMD systems
BLUF: A radar-centric F2T2EA architecture depends on emitting RF energy, creating electromagnetic signatures that can be detected and geolocated by an adversary for ...
Passive air defense: geolocating airborne targets using detector-based 3D TDoA
Passive air defense: geolocating airborne targets using detector-based 3D TDoA
While radar is a widespread and versatile tool for detecting and locating in the battlespace, it has a critical Achilles heel. As active systems, radars have their own EMS ...

Get instant news & expert insights

Join thousands of professionals who subscribe for exclusive insights and early access to our reports and analysis.